 Astrocytes
"Astrocytes" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus,
MeSH (Medical Subject Headings). Descriptors are arranged in a hierarchical structure,
which enables searching at various levels of specificity.
A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from "star" cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with "end feet" which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and "reactive astrocytes" (along with MICROGLIA) respond to injury.
| Descriptor ID |
D001253
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| MeSH Number(s) |
A08.637.200 A11.650.200
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| Concept/Terms |
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Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Astrocytes".
Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more specific than "Astrocytes".
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Astrocytes" by people in UAMS Profiles by year, and whether "Astrocytes" was a major or minor topic of these publications.
To see the data from this visualization as text, click here.
| Year | Major Topic | Minor Topic | Total |
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| 2022 | 0 | 2 | 2 | | 2021 | 2 | 0 | 2 | | 2020 | 4 | 1 | 5 | | 2019 | 6 | 2 | 8 | | 2018 | 0 | 2 | 2 | | 2017 | 1 | 1 | 2 | | 2016 | 2 | 2 | 4 | | 2015 | 2 | 2 | 4 | | 2014 | 2 | 1 | 3 | | 2013 | 3 | 1 | 4 | | 2012 | 4 | 0 | 4 | | 2011 | 3 | 1 | 4 | | 2010 | 4 | 0 | 4 | | 2009 | 4 | 2 | 6 | | 2008 | 1 | 1 | 2 | | 2007 | 2 | 3 | 5 | | 2006 | 7 | 1 | 8 | | 2005 | 7 | 2 | 9 | | 2004 | 0 | 2 | 2 | | 2003 | 6 | 4 | 10 | | 2002 | 1 | 2 | 3 | | 2001 | 2 | 1 | 3 | | 2000 | 1 | 0 | 1 | | 1999 | 1 | 0 | 1 | | 1998 | 1 | 0 | 1 | | 1997 | 0 | 1 | 1 | | 1996 | 2 | 0 | 2 | | 1995 | 3 | 0 | 3 | | 1994 | 1 | 0 | 1 | | 1991 | 1 | 0 | 1 | | 1990 | 1 | 1 | 2 | | 1989 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
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Below are the most recent publications written about "Astrocytes" by people in Profiles over the past ten years.
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Althammer F, Roy RK, Lefevre A, Najjar RS, Schoenig K, Bartsch D, Eliava M, Feresin RG, Hammock EAD, Murphy AZ, Charlet A, Grinevich V, Stern JE. Altered PVN-to-CA2 hippocampal oxytocin pathway and reduced number of oxytocin-receptor expressing astrocytes in heart failure rats. J Neuroendocrinol. 2022 07; 34(7):e13166.
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Rothman DL, Dienel GA, Behar KL, Hyder F, DiNuzzo M, Giove F, Mangia S. Glucose sparing by glycogenolysis (GSG) determines the relationship between brain metabolism and neurotransmission. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2022 05; 42(5):844-860.
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Chancellor KB, Chancellor SE, Duke-Cohan JE, Huber BR, Stein TD, Alvarez VE, Okaty BW, Dymecki SM, McKee AC. Altered oligodendroglia and astroglia in chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Acta Neuropathol. 2021 08; 142(2):295-321.
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Lowery RL, Cealie MY, Lamantia CE, Mendes MS, Drew PD, Majewska AK. Microglia and astrocytes show limited, acute alterations in morphology and protein expression following a single developmental alcohol exposure. J Neurosci Res. 2021 08; 99(8):2008-2025.
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Del Valle L, Sweet T, Parker-Struckhoff A, Perez-Liz G, Piña-Oviedo S. JCPyV T-Antigen Activation of the Anti-Apoptotic Survivin Promoter-Its Role in the Development of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy. Viruses. 2020 11 03; 12(11).
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Hendrix RD, Ou Y, Davis JE, Odle AK, Groves TR, Allen AR, Childs GV, Barger SW. Alzheimer amyloid-ß- peptide disrupts membrane localization of glucose transporter 1 in astrocytes: implications for glucose levels in brain and blood. Neurobiol Aging. 2021 01; 97:73-88.
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Kane CJM, Drew PD. Neuroinflammatory contribution of microglia and astrocytes in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. J Neurosci Res. 2021 08; 99(8):1973-1985.
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Dienel GA, Rothman DL. Reevaluation of Astrocyte-Neuron Energy Metabolism with Astrocyte Volume Fraction Correction: Impact on Cellular Glucose Oxidation Rates, Glutamate-Glutamine Cycle Energetics, Glycogen Levels and Utilization Rates vs. Exercising Muscle, and Na+/K+ Pumping Rates. Neurochem Res. 2020 Nov; 45(11):2607-2630.
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Sharma KD, Schaal D, Kore RA, Hamzah RN, Pandanaboina SC, Hayar A, Griffin RJ, Srivatsan M, Reyna NS, Xie JY. Glioma-derived exosomes drive the differentiation of neural stem cells to astrocytes. PLoS One. 2020; 15(7):e0234614.
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Pandanaboina SC, Alghazali KM, Nima ZA, Alawajji RA, Sharma KD, Watanabe F, Saini V, Biris AS, Srivatsan M. Plasmonic nano surface for neuronal differentiation and manipulation. Nanomedicine. 2019 10; 21:102048.
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Dienel GA. The "protected" glucose transport through the astrocytic endoplasmic reticulum is too slow to serve as a quantitatively-important highway for nutrient delivery. J Neurosci Res. 2019 08; 97(8):854-862.
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Walker A, Kim J, Wyatt J, Terlouw A, Balachandran K, Wolchok J. Repeated In Vitro Impact Conditioning of Astrocytes Decreases the Expression and Accumulation of Extracellular Matrix. Ann Biomed Eng. 2019 Apr; 47(4):967-979.
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Dienel GA. Does shuttling of glycogen-derived lactate from astrocytes to neurons take place during neurotransmission and memory consolidation? J Neurosci Res. 2019 08; 97(8):863-882.
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Dienel GA. Brain Glucose Metabolism: Integration of Energetics with Function. Physiol Rev. 2019 01 01; 99(1):949-1045.
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Dienel GA, Carlson GM. Major Advances in Brain Glycogen Research: Understanding of the Roles of Glycogen Have Evolved from Emergency Fuel Reserve to Dynamic, Regulated Participant in Diverse Brain Functions. Adv Neurobiol. 2019; 23:1-16.
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Dienel GA, Rothman DL. Glycogenolysis in Cerebral Cortex During Sensory Stimulation, Acute Hypoglycemia, and Exercise: Impact on Astrocytic Energetics, Aerobic Glycolysis, and Astrocyte-Neuron Interactions. Adv Neurobiol. 2019; 23:209-267.
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Rothman DL, Dienel GA. Development of a Model to Test Whether Glycogenolysis Can Support Astrocytic Energy Demands of Na+, K+-ATPase and Glutamate-Glutamine Cycling, Sparing an Equivalent Amount of Glucose for Neurons. Adv Neurobiol. 2019; 23:385-433.
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Kulas JA, Franklin WF, Smith NA, Manocha GD, Puig KL, Nagamoto-Combs K, Hendrix RD, Taglialatela G, Barger SW, Combs CK. Ablation of amyloid precursor protein increases insulin-degrading enzyme levels and activity in brain and peripheral tissues. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2019 01 01; 316(1):E106-E120.
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Dobretsov M, Hayar A, Kockara NT, Kozhemyakin M, Light KE, Patyal P, Pierce DR, Wight PA. A Transgenic Mouse Model to Selectively Identify a3 Na,K-ATPase Expressing Cells in the Nervous System. Neuroscience. 2019 02 01; 398:274-294.
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Dienel GA, Behar KL, Rothman DL. Cellular Origin of [18F]FDG-PET Imaging Signals During Ceftriaxone-Stimulated Glutamate Uptake: Astrocytes and Neurons. Neuroscientist. 2018 08; 24(4):316-328.
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Dienel GA. Lack of appropriate stoichiometry: Strong evidence against an energetically important astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle in brain. J Neurosci Res. 2017 11; 95(11):2103-2125.
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Koyanagi S, Kusunose N, Taniguchi M, Akamine T, Kanado Y, Ozono Y, Masuda T, Kohro Y, Matsunaga N, Tsuda M, Salter MW, Inoue K, Ohdo S. Glucocorticoid regulation of ATP release from spinal astrocytes underlies diurnal exacerbation of neuropathic mechanical allodynia. Nat Commun. 2016 10 14; 7:13102.
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Sturdivant NM, Smith SG, Ali SF, Wolchok JC, Balachandran K. Acetazolamide Mitigates Astrocyte Cellular Edema Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Sci Rep. 2016 09 14; 6:33330.
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Masuda T, Ozono Y, Mikuriya S, Kohro Y, Tozaki-Saitoh H, Iwatsuki K, Uneyama H, Ichikawa R, Salter MW, Tsuda M, Inoue K. Dorsal horn neurons release extracellular ATP in a VNUT-dependent manner that underlies neuropathic pain. Nat Commun. 2016 08 12; 7:12529.
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Dienel GA, Cruz NF. Aerobic glycolysis during brain activation: adrenergic regulation and influence of norepinephrine on astrocytic metabolism. J Neurochem. 2016 07; 138(1):14-52.
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Gu YH, Kanazawa M, Hung SY, Wang X, Fukuda S, Koziol JA, Del Zoppo GJ. Cathepsin L acutely alters microvessel integrity within the neurovascular unit during focal cerebral ischemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2015 Nov; 35(11):1888-900.
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Dienel GA, Cruz NF, Sokoloff L, Driscoll BF. Determination of Glucose Utilization Rates in Cultured Astrocytes and Neurons with [14C]deoxyglucose: Progress, Pitfalls, and Discovery of Intracellular Glucose Compartmentation. Neurochem Res. 2017 Jan; 42(1):50-63.
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Slikker W, Liu F, Rainosek SW, Patterson TA, Sadovova N, Hanig JP, Paule MG, Wang C. Ketamine-Induced Toxicity in Neurons Differentiated from Neural Stem Cells. Mol Neurobiol. 2015 Oct; 52(2):959-69.
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Dienel GA. The metabolic trinity, glucose-glycogen-lactate, links astrocytes and neurons in brain energetics, signaling, memory, and gene expression. Neurosci Lett. 2017 01 10; 637:18-25.
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Dienel GA, McKenna MC. A dogma-breaking concept: glutamate oxidation in astrocytes is the source of lactate during aerobic glycolysis in resting subjects. J Neurochem. 2014 Nov; 131(4):395-8.
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Smith KL, John CS, Sypek EI, Ongür D, Cohen BM, Barry SM, Bechtholt AJ. Exploring the role of central astrocytic glutamate uptake in ethanol reward in mice. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2014 May; 38(5):1307-14.
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Dienel GA, Cruz NF. Contributions of glycogen to astrocytic energetics during brain activation. Metab Brain Dis. 2015 Feb; 30(1):281-98.
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Takano T, He W, Han X, Wang F, Xu Q, Wang X, Oberheim Bush NA, Cruz N, Dienel GA, Nedergaard M. Rapid manifestation of reactive astrogliosis in acute hippocampal brain slices. Glia. 2014 Jan; 62(1):78-95.
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Kane CJ, Phelan KD, Douglas JC, Wagoner G, Johnson JW, Xu J, Phelan PS, Drew PD. Effects of ethanol on immune response in the brain: region-specific changes in adolescent versus adult mice. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2014 Feb; 38(2):384-91.
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Dienel GA. Astrocytic energetics during excitatory neurotransmission: What are contributions of glutamate oxidation and glycolysis? Neurochem Int. 2013 Oct; 63(4):244-58.
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